Amazon Data Services King George campus (former Birchwood power plant site)
King George County, VADeveloper: Amazon (AWS)
Also known as Birchwood data center campus
- Rumored
- Proposed
- Approved
- Under construction
- Operating
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Amazon Data Services planned to build 17 data centers, an investment of up to $6 billion, on 869 acres at and around the former Birchwood Power Facility in the Sealston area of King George County, under a performance agreement approved in December 2023. On January 2, 2024, a new majority on the board reversed the county's commitment, and after the Board of Zoning Appeals denied Amazon's vested-rights request in March 2025, Amazon took the dispute to King George County Circuit Court. Trial dates of September 28 and 29 were set in 2026.
- Site size
- 869 acres[2]
- Permanent jobs (promised)
- 100
- projected, not guaranteed
Key facts
Size & schedule
| Site size | 869 acres [2]Source excerpt“to deny the company's request for a determination of vested rights of 869 acres it owns in the county for the purpose of constructing a data center campus” |
|---|---|
| Site size | 893 acres [4] figure reported by a different outlet; conflicts with 869 acres Source excerpt“the 893-acre former Birchwood Power Plant” |
| Floor area | 7 million sq ft [4]Source excerpt“a 7-million square foot data center campus” |
| Buildings | 17 [3] full buildout, as described by Amazon Source excerpt“In King George, Amazon says it planned to invest up to $6 billion in 17 data centers in the full buildout of 869 acres at the site of the former Birchwood Power Facility.” |
| Stated investment | $6 billion [1] capital investment by June 30, 2040 under the proposed performance agreement Source excerpt“Amazon Data Services intends to invest $6 billion in capital investment in King George County by June 30, 2040” |
| Permanent jobs (promised) | 100 [1] projected, not guaranteed Source excerpt“Amazon projects but does not guarantee at least one hundred permanent, full-time jobs in the County” |
How big is that? Data center sizes compared with football fields and Central Park.
Water
| Water source | Agreement contemplated Amazon providing at least 600,000 gallons per day of raw surface water to the county at no charge [2]Source excerpt“through which the company would provide at least 600,000 gallons of raw surface water per day to the county at no charge” |
|---|
Money & incentives
| Tax incentives | County to maintain existing tax rate and depreciation schedule for computer equipment; infrastructure grant based on estimated minimum $336,360,000 infrastructure spend [1]Source excerpt“The County will maintain the existing tax rate and depreciation schedule for personal property classified as Computer Equipment” |
|---|
Local decisions & site
| Parcel / address | Former Birchwood power plant site and surrounding properties in the Sealston area [1]Source excerpt“develop data center campuses at the former Birchwood power plant site and other surrounding properties in the Sealston area” |
|---|
Figures are as stated by the cited source. Where sources disagree, each figure is shown.
Water and power
Water
Not disclosed. No source reviewed gives a water figure for this site. The Census does not estimate one.
Power
Not disclosed. No capacity or power-supply figure is on the record.
Disclosed figures only, each as the cited source states it. Many are projections or permit limits, not metered use. How data center water and power use is measured, and every disclosed figure →
Lawsuits
| Amazon's vested-rights appeal against King George County | pending [3] Amazon appealed the Board of Zoning Appeals' decision upholding the zoning administrator's refusal to certify its vested rights, seeking to confirm those rights and prevent a downzoning; trial was rescheduled to September 2026. King George County Circuit Court · filed May 2025 Source excerpt“The company filed a lawsuit in circuit court last May to appeal the zoning board decision” |
|---|
Timeline
County staff report on proposed $6 billion performance agreement with Amazon Data Services presented to Board of Supervisors [1]
Board approves the performance agreement; Amazon buys the property for almost $169 million [3]
New board majority reverses the county's commitment [3]
Supervisors unanimously ask the Planning Commission to reconsider the rezoning of more than 500 acres [5]
Board of Zoning Appeals denies Amazon's request for a vested-rights determination [2]
Amazon files an 878-page petition with the King George County Circuit Court [2]
Amazon withdraws its application to renew a DEQ groundwater permit for the campus and says it will seek other water sources [7]
Issues raised
- The project remains the subject of a pending lawsuit against the county [6]
- Residents raised concerns about wildlife, noise, water usage and electricity from data centers in the county [6]
Issues are concerns and claims raised by the parties, officials or residents named in the cited sources. They are reported as attributed, not as findings by the Census.
Sources
- Board of Supervisors Agenda Item: Proposed Performance Agreement with Amazon Data Services for Local Economic Development IncentivesKing George County · Nov 14, 2023 · government
- Amazon taking fight with King George supervisors to courtFredericksburg Free Press · May 6, 2025 · news
- Virginia Court Case Could Influence Other Data Center FightsGovTech (Richmond Times-Dispatch) · May 4, 2026 · news
- Motions Filed This Week in Amazon Data Services v. King George CountyFredericksburg Advance · May 6, 2026 · news
- Prime real estate? King George supervisors request reversal of rezoned Amazon propertiesFredericksburg Free Press · Apr 3, 2024 · news
- 'This should've happened last year:' King George residents protest already-approved data centersFredericksburg Free Press · Jun 3, 2026 · news
- Amazon changes course on water use for King George data center campusVirginia Mercury · Aug 26, 2026 · news
Cite this page
Last updated Sep 23, 2026. Figures may change as records are updated — include the date you retrieved them.
| APA | Data Center Census. (2026). Amazon Data Services King George campus (former Birchwood power plant site). Retrieved from https://datacentercensus.com/dc/aws-king-george-county-va |
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| MLA | “Amazon Data Services King George campus (former Birchwood power plant site).” Data Center Census, Sep 23, 2026, https://datacentercensus.com/dc/aws-king-george-county-va. |
| Link | https://datacentercensus.com/dc/aws-king-george-county-va |
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